#VU105513 Out-of-bounds read in Windows and Windows Server - CVE-2025-24991

Vulnerability identifier: #VU105513

Vulnerability risk: High

CVSSv4.0: 5.6 [CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:A/U:Amber]

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-24991

CWE-ID: CWE-125

Exploitation vector: Network

Exploit availability: No

Vulnerable software:
Windows
Operating systems & Components / Operating system
Windows Server
Operating systems & Components / Operating system

Vendor: Microsoft

Description

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to gain access to potentially sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary condition in Windows NTFS. A remote attacker can trick the victim into mounting a specially crafted VHD, trigger an out-of-bounds read error and read contents of memory on the system.

Note, the vulnerability is being actively exploited in the wild.

Mitigation
Install updates from vendor's website.

Vulnerable software versions

Windows: 10 21H2 10.0.19041.3920 - 10 21H2 10.0.19044.5487, 10 22H2 10.0.19041.3920 - 10 22H2 10.0.19045.5487, 10 1507 10.0.10240.1643 - 10 1507 10.0.10240.20915, 10 1607 10.0.14393.10 - 10 1607 10.0.14393.7785, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1 - 10 1809 10.0.17763.6893, 11 22H2 10.0.22449.1000 - 11 22H2 10.0.22621.4890, 11 23H2 10.0.22631.1825 - 11 23H2 10.0.22631.4890, 11 24H2 10.0.26052.1000 - 11 24H2 10.0.26100.3194

Windows Server: 2008 R2 SP1 - 2008 6.0.6003.23117, 2012 Gold - 2012 6.2.9200.25317, 2016 10.0.14393.10 - 2016 10.0.14393.7785, 2019 10.0.17763.1 - 2019 10.0.17763.6893, 2022 10.0.20348.202 - 2022 23H2 10.0.25398.1425, 2025 10.0.26100.1742 - 2025 10.0.26100.3194

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External links
https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2025-24991

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Q & A

Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?

Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.

Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?

Yes. This vulnerability is being exploited in the wild.