#VU118092 Resource exhaustion in XGrammar - CVE-2025-58446

Vulnerability identifier: #VU118092

Vulnerability risk: Medium

CVSSv4.0: 4.9 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Green]

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-58446

CWE-ID: CWE-400

Exploitation vector: Network

Exploit availability: No

Vulnerable software:
XGrammar
Universal components / Libraries / Libraries used by multiple products

Vendor: mlc-ai

Description

The vulnerability allows a remote user to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to application does not properly control consumption of internal resources when handling large grammars. A remote user can trigger resource exhaustion and perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

Mitigation
Install updates from vendor's website.

Vulnerable software versions

XGrammar: 0.1.23

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External links
https://github.com/mlc-ai/xgrammar/commit/ced69c3ad2f8f61b516cc278a342e7c644383e27
https://github.com/mlc-ai/xgrammar/security/advisories/GHSA-9q5r-wfvf-rr7f

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Q & A

Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?

Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote authenticated user via the Internet.

Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?

No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.