Privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Virtualization-Based Security (VBS) Enclave

1) Input validation error

EUVDB-ID: #VU102709

Risk: Low

CVSSv4.0: 5.9 [CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Clear]

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-21370

CWE-ID: CWE-20 - Improper input validation

Exploit availability: No

Description

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.

The vulnerability exists due to insufficient validation of user-supplied input in Windows Virtualization-Based Security (VBS) Enclave. A local user can execute arbitrary code on the target system with elevated privileges.

Mitigation

Install updates from vendor's website.

Vulnerable software versions

Windows: 11 22H2 10.0.22449.1000 - 11 24H2 10.0.26100.2605

CPE2.3

• cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows:11_22H2:10.0.22449.1000:*:*:*:*:*:*
• cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows:11_22H2:10.0.22454.1000:*:*:*:*:*:*
• cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows:11_22H2:10.0.22458.1000:*:*:*:*:*:*
• cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows:11_22H2:10.0.22463.1000:*:*:*:*:*:*
• cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows:11_22H2:10.0.22468.1000:*:*:*:*:*:*
• cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows:11_22H2:10.0.22471.1000:*:*:*:*:*:*
• cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows:11_22H2:10.0.22478.1000:*:*:*:*:*:*
• cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
• cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows:11_22H2:10.0.22483.1011:*:*:*:*:*:*

External links

https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2025-21370

Q & A

Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?

No. This vulnerability can be exploited locally. The attacker should have authentication credentials and successfully authenticate on the system.

Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?

No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.