SB2025073053 - Multiple vulnerabilities in macOS Sequoia

Description

This security bulletin contains information about 92 secuirty vulnerabilities.

1) Improper access control (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-24188)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to improper access restrictions in Safari. A remote attacker can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted file and perform an unexpected Safari crash.

2) Improper access control (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43246)

The vulnerability allows a local application to gain access to sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to improper access restrictions in Spotlight. A local application can access sensitive user data.

3) Permissions, privileges, and access controls (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43243)

The vulnerability allows a local application to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to improperly imposed security restrictions in Software Update. A local application can modify protected parts of the file system.

4) Memory corruption (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43239)

The vulnerability allows a local application to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in sips. A local application can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted file and perform unexpected app termination.

5) Improper access control (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43197)

The vulnerability allows a local application to gain access to sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to improper access restrictions in Single Sign-On. A local application can access sensitive user data.

6) Improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory ('path traversal') (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43250)

The vulnerability allows a local application to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to incorrect handling of path names in SharedFileList. A local application can break out of its sandbox.

7) Memory corruption (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43193)

The vulnerability allows a local application to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in SecurityAgent. A local application can cause a denial-of-service.

8) Permissions, privileges, and access controls (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43241)

The vulnerability allows a local application to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to improperly imposed security restrictions in SceneKit. A local application can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted file and read files outside of its sandbox.

9) Improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory ('path traversal') (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43206)

The vulnerability allows a local application to gain access to sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to incorrect handling of path names in System Settings. A local application can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted file and access protected user data.

10) Memory corruption (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43235)

The vulnerability allows a local application to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in Power Management. A local application can cause a denial-of-service.

11) Improper access control (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43194)

The vulnerability allows a local application to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to improper access restrictions in PackageKit. A local application can modify protected parts of the file system.

12) Permissions, privileges, and access controls (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43247)

The vulnerability allows a local application to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to improperly imposed security restrictions in PackageKit. A local application can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted file and modify the contents of system files.

13) Permissions, privileges, and access controls (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43266)

The vulnerability allows a local application to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to improperly imposed security restrictions in NSSpellChecker. A local application can break out of its sandbox.

14) Information exposure through log files (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43225)

The vulnerability allows a local application to gain access to sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to inclusion of sensitive information into a log file in Notes. A local application can access sensitive user data.

15) State issues (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43256)

The vulnerability allows a local application to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to a state management issue in StorageKit. A local application can gain root privileges.

16) Memory corruption (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43212)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in WebKit. A remote attacker can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted file and crash the browser.

17) Improper input validation (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43238)

The vulnerability allows a local application to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to insufficient input validation in Xsan. A local application can cause unexpected system termination.

18) Exposure of sensitive information to an unauthorized actor (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43259)

The vulnerability allows an attacker with physical access to the system to gain access to sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to excessive data output in WindowServer. An attacker with physical access to the system can view sensitive user information.

19) Input validation error (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-6558)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to compromise the affected system.

The vulnerability exists due to insufficient validation of user-supplied input in ANGLE and GPU. A remote attacker can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted web page and execute arbitrary code on the system.

Note, the vulnerability is being actively exploited in the wild.

20) Use after free (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43216)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to a use-after-free error in WebKit. A remote attacker can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted website and crash the browser.

21) Out-of-bounds read (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43265)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to gain access to potentially sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary condition in WebKit. A remote attacker can trick the victim into visiting a specially crafted website, trigger an out-of-bounds read error and read contents of memory on the system.

22) Memory corruption (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43211)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in WebKit. A remote attacker can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted file and crash the browser.

23) Memory corruption (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43213)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in WebKit. A remote attacker can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted file and crash the browser.

24) Cryptographic issues (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43185)

The vulnerability allows a local application to gain access to sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to a cryptographic issue in Voice Control. A local application can access protected user data.

25) Memory corruption (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43214)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in WebKit. A remote attacker can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted file and crash the browser.

26) Insufficient verification of data authenticity (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43240)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to bypass implemented security restrictions.

The vulnerability exists due to a logic error, leading to a download's origin being incorrectly associated. A remote attacker can trick the victim into downloading dangerous files from websites that appear ti be trusted. 

27) Buffer overflow (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-31273)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error when processing HTML content in WebKit. A remote attacker can trick the victim into visiting a specially crafted web page, trigger memory corruption and execute arbitrary code on the target system.

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.

28) Buffer overflow (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-31277)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error when processing HTML content in WebKit. A remote attacker can trick the victim into visiting a specially crafted web page, trigger memory corruption and execute arbitrary code on the target system.

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.

29) Buffer overflow (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-31278)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error when processing HTML content in WebKit. A remote attacker can trick the victim into visiting a specially crafted web page, trigger memory corruption and execute arbitrary code on the target system.

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.

30) State issues (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43227)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to gain access to sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to a state management issue in WebKit. A remote attacker can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted website and gain access to sensitive information.

31) Universal cross-site scripting (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43229)

The disclosed vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks.

The vulnerability exists due to insufficient sanitization of user-supplied data. A remote attacker can trick the victim to follow a specially crafted link and execute arbitrary HTML and script code in user's browser in context of vulnerable website.

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may allow a remote attacker to steal potentially sensitive information, change appearance of the web page, perform phishing and drive-by-download attacks.

32) Out-of-bounds write (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43237)

The vulnerability allows a local application to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to an out-of-bounds write in WebContentFilter. A local application can cause unexpected system termination.

33) Memory corruption (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43189)

The vulnerability allows a local application to gain access to sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in WebContentFilter. A local application can read kernel memory.

34) Improper access control (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43270)

The vulnerability allows a local application to gain access to sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to improper access restrictions in Notes. A local application can Local Network.

35) Out-of-bounds read (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43215)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to gain access to potentially sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary condition. A remote attacker can create a specially crafted file, trick the victim into opening it, trigger an out-of-bounds read error and read contents of memory on the system.

36) Improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory ('path traversal') (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43191)

The vulnerability allows a local application to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to incorrect handling of path names in Admin Framework. A local application can cause a denial-of-service.

37) Improper link resolution before file access ('link following') (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43220)

The vulnerability allows a local application to gain access to sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to insecure symbolic link following in copyfile. A local application can access protected user data.

38) OS Command Injection (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43187)

The vulnerability allows a local user to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to improper input validation. A local user can run the hdiutil command to execute arbitrary code on the system.

39) Improper input validation (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43267)

The vulnerability allows a local application to gain access to sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to insufficient input validation in Directory Utility. A local application can access sensitive user data.

40) Improper input validation (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43195)

The vulnerability allows a local application to gain access to sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to insufficient input validation in CoreServices. A local application can access sensitive user data.

41) Improper access control (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43230)

The vulnerability allows a local application to gain access to sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to improper access restrictions in CoreMedia Playback. A local application can access user-sensitive data.

42) Memory corruption (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43210)

The vulnerability allows a local application to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in CoreMedia. A local application can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted file and perform unexpected app termination or corrupt process memory.

43) Permissions, Privileges, and Access Controls (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43273)

The vulnerability allows a local application to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to CoreAudio does not properly impose security restrictions. A sandboxed process may be able to circumvent sandbox restrictions.

44) Buffer overflow (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43277)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in CoreAudio when processing media files. A remote attacker can create a specially crafted media file, trick the victim into opening it, trigger memory corruption and execute arbitrary code on the target system.

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.

45) Improper input validation (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43199)

The vulnerability allows a local application to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to insufficient input validation in Core Services. A local application can gain root privileges.

46) Improper input validation (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43223)

The vulnerability allows a local user to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to insufficient input validation in CFNetwork. A local user can modify restricted network settings.

47) Improper input validation (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43198)

The vulnerability allows a local application to gain access to sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to insufficient input validation in Dock. A local application can access protected user data.

48) Use-after-free (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43222)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to a use-after-free error in the CFNetwork component. A remote attacker can send specially crafted data to the system and perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

49) Improper link resolution before file access ('link following') (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43257)

The vulnerability allows a local application to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to insecure symbolic link following in Archive Utility. A local application can break out of its sandbox.

50) Cryptographic issues (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43245)

The vulnerability allows a local application to gain access to sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to a cryptographic issue in AppleMobileFileIntegrity. A local application can access protected user data.

51) Improper access control (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43248)

The vulnerability allows a local application to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to improper access restrictions in AppleMobileFileIntegrity. A local application can gain root privileges.

52) Improper access control (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43249)

The vulnerability allows a local application to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to improper access restrictions in AppleMobileFileIntegrity. A local application can gain root privileges.

53) Input validation error (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43253)

The vulnerability allows a local application to bypass implemented security restrictions.

The vulnerability exists due to insufficient input validation in AppleMobileFileIntegrity. A local application can launch arbitrary binaries on a trusted device.

54) Permissions, privileges, and access controls (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-31243)

The vulnerability allows a local application to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to improperly imposed security restrictions in AppleMobileFileIntegrity. A local application can gain root privileges.

55) State issues (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43244)

The vulnerability allows a local application to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to a state management issue in AMD. A local application can cause unexpected system termination.

56) Memory corruption (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43186)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in afclip. A remote attacker can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted file and perform an unexpected app termination.

57) Permissions, privileges, and access controls (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43188)

The vulnerability allows a local application to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to improperly imposed security restrictions in DiskArbitration. A local application can gain root privileges.

58) Improper input validation (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43254)

The vulnerability allows a local application to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to insufficient input validation in file. A local application can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted file and perform unexpected app termination.

59) Out-of-bounds read (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43218)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to gain access to potentially sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary condition. A remote attacker can create a specially crafted USD file, trick the victim into opening it, trigger an out-of-bounds read error and read contents of memory on the system.

60) Memory corruption (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43221)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to compromise the affected system.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in Model I/O. A remote attacker can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted file, trigger memory corruption and execute arbitrary code on the system.

61) Memory corruption (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43224)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to compromise the affected system.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in Model I/O. A remote attacker can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted file, trigger memory corruption and execute arbitrary code on the system.

62) Memory corruption (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-31281)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in Model I/O. A remote attacker can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted file and perform unexpected app termination.

63) Memory corruption (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43219)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to compromise the affected system.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in Model I/O. A remote attacker can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted file, trigger memory corruption and execute arbitrary code on the system.

64) Memory corruption (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43264)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to compromise the affected system.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in Model I/O. A remote attacker can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted file, trigger memory corruption and execute arbitrary code on the system.

65) Improper input validation (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43234)

The vulnerability allows a local application to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to insufficient input validation in Metal. A local application can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted file and perform unexpected app termination.

66) Improper access control (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43261)

The vulnerability allows a local application to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to improper access restrictions in File Bookmark. A local application can break out of its sandbox.

67) Improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory ('path traversal') (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43196)

The vulnerability allows a local application to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to incorrect handling of path names in libxpc. A local application can gain root privileges.

68) Permissions, privileges, and access controls (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43268)

The vulnerability allows a local application to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to improperly imposed security restrictions in Kernel. A local application can gain root privileges.

69) Improper input validation (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43226)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to gain access to sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to insufficient input validation in ImageIO. A remote attacker can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted file and gain access to sensitive information.

70) Memory corruption (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43209)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in ICU. A remote attacker can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted file and perform an unexpected Safari crash.

71) Memory corruption (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43255)

The vulnerability allows a local application to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in GPU Drivers. A local application can cause unexpected system termination.

72) Permissions, Privileges, and Access Controls (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-31279)

The vulnerability allows a local application to fingerprint the user.

The vulnerability exists due to improperly imposed security restrictions in Find My feature. A local application can gain access to sensitive information. 

73) Link following (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43252)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to gain access to sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to an insecure link following issue within the zip implementation. A remote attacker can trick the victim into visiting a specially crafted website and access sensitive user data when resolving symlinks.

74) Permissions, Privileges, and Access Controls (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43232)

The vulnerability allows a local application to bypass implemented security restrictions.

The vulnerability exists due to improperly imposed security restrictions in PackageKit. A local application can bypass certain Privacy preferences.

75) Permissions, Privileges, and Access Controls (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43260)

The vulnerability allows a local application to bypass implemented security restrictions. 

The vulnerability exists due to improperly imposed security restrictions in PackageKit. A local application can hijack entitlements granted to other privileged apps.

76) Race condition (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43275)

The vulnerability allows a local application to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to a race condition in NetAuth. A local application can exploit the race and break out of its sandbox.

77) Buffer overflow (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-31280)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in Model I/O. A remote attacker can trick the victim into opening a specially crafted file, trigger memory corruption and execute arbitrary code on the target system.

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.

78) Configuration (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43192)

The issue may allow a local user to bypass implemented security restrictions.

The issue exists due to a configuration issue in Managed Configuration that makes available Account-driven User Enrollment with Lockdown Mode turned on. A local user can bypass implemented security restrictions and create new accounts. 

79) Permissions, Privileges, and Access Controls (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-31275)

The vulnerability allows a local application to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to improperly imposed security restrictions in MediaRemote. A sandboxed process may be able to launch any installed app. 

80) Information disclosure (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43233)

The vulnerability allows a local application to gain access to potentially sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to improperly imposed security restrictions within the Security component. A local application acting as a HTTPS proxy can get access to sensitive user data. 

81) Type confusion (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43236)

The vulnerability allows a local user to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to a type confusion error in Power Management. A local user can trigger a type confusion error and perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

82) Improper authorization (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43251)

The vulnerability allows a local user to gain access to sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to improper authorization checks in User Management component.  A local user can gain access to Keychain items.

83) Permissions, Privileges, and Access Controls (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43274)

The vulnerability allows a local application to bypass implemented security restrictions.

The vulnerability exists due to improperly imposed security restrictions in RemoteViewServices. A local application can bypass sandbox restrictions. 

84) Buffer overflow (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43202)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in libnetcore. A remote attacker can create a specially crafted file, trick the victim into opening it, trigger memory corruption and execute arbitrary code on the target system.

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.

85) Improper error handling (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43276)

The vulnerability allows a local user to gain access to sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to improper error handling in the OS kernel. The iCloud Private Relay may not be activated when more than one user is logged in at the same time, leading to information disclosure. 

86) Use-after-free (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-7425)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to compromise vulnerable system.

The vulnerability exists due to a use-after-free error within the xsltSetSourceNodeFlags() function. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted XML input to the application, trigger memory corruption and execute arbitrary code on the system.

Successful exploitation of the vulnerability may allow an attacker to compromise vulnerable system.

87) Type confusion (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-7424)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.

The vulnerability exists due to a type confusion error in xmlNode.psvi. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted XML input to the application, trigger a type confusion error and execute arbitrary code on the target system.

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.

88) Memory corruption (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43284)

The vulnerability allows a local application to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in GPU Drivers. A local application can cause unexpected system termination.

89) Resource management error (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43282)

The vulnerability allows a local application to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to improper management of internal resources within the OS kernel. A local application can cause unexpected system termination.

90) Improper authentication (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43281)

The vulnerability allows a local user to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to an authentication issue in application firewall. A local user can escalate privileges on the system.

91) Improper access control (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-43313)

The vulnerability allows a local application to gain access to sensitive information.

The vulnerability exists due to improper access restrictions in CoreServices. A local application can access sensitive user data. 

92) Buffer overflow (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-6965)

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error when processing aggregated terms. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted input to the application where the number of aggregate terms exceeds the number of columns available, trigger memory corruption and perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

Remediation

Install update from vendor's website.

References

• https://support.apple.com/en-us/124149
• https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-878/