SB2025081275 - Multiple vulnerabilities in Microsoft Win32k

Description

This security bulletin contains information about 3 vulnerabilities.

1) Heap-based buffer overflow (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-50161)

CWE-ID: CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow

CVSSv4: CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Clear

The vulnerability allows a local user to execute arbitrary code on the target system.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in Win32k. A local user can pass specially crafted data to the application, trigger a heap-based buffer overflow and execute arbitrary code on the target system.

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.

2) Race condition (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-53132)

CWE-ID: CWE-362 - Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')

CVSSv4: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Green

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to a race condition in Win32k. A remote user can exploit the race and gain unauthorized access to sensitive information and escalate privileges on the system.

3) Type Confusion (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-50168)

CWE-ID: CWE-843 - Type confusion

CVSSv4: CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/U:Clear

The vulnerability allows a local user to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to a type confusion error in Win32k. A local user can pass specially crafted data to the application, trigger a type confusion error and gain elevated privileges on the target system.

Remediation

Install update from vendor's website.

References

• https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2025-50161
• https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-53132
• https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2025-50168