SB2025092412 - Multiple vulnerabilities in IBM Cloud Pak for Business Automation

Description

This security bulletin contains information about 11 vulnerabilities.

1) Improper input validation (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-21587)

CWE-ID: CWE-20 - Improper input validation

CVSSv4: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Green

The vulnerability allows a remote non-authenticated attacker to read and manipulate data.

The vulnerability exists due to improper input validation within the JSSE component in Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. A remote non-authenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability to read and manipulate data.

2) Input validation error (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-22872)

CWE-ID: CWE-20 - Improper input validation

CVSSv4: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Clear

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform code injection attacks.

The vulnerability exists due to insufficient validation of tags with unquoted attribute values that end with a solidus character (/). The tokenizer can interpret such tags as self-closing, leading to content following such tags as being placed in the wrong scope during DOM construction.

3) Path traversal (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-48050)

CWE-ID: CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

CVSSv4: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Amber

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform directory traversal attacks.

The vulnerability exists due to scripts/server.js does not ensure that a pathname is located under the current working directory. A remote attacker can send a specially crafted HTTP request and read arbitrary files on the system.

4) Stack-based buffer overflow (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-4447)

CWE-ID: CWE-121 - Stack-based buffer overflow

CVSSv4: CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Green

The vulnerability allows a local user to execute arbitrary code on the target system.

The vulnerability occurs when modifying a file on disk that is read when the JVM starts. A local user can trigger stack-based buffer overflow and execute arbitrary code on the target system.

5) Improper input validation (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-30698)

CWE-ID: CWE-20 - Improper input validation

CVSSv4: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Green

The vulnerability allows a remote non-authenticated attacker to read and manipulate data.

The vulnerability exists due to improper input validation within the 2D component in Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. A remote non-authenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability to read and manipulate data.

6) Buffer overflow (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52999)

CWE-ID: CWE-119 - Memory corruption

CVSSv4: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Green

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error when parsing deeply nested JSON files. A remote attacker can pass a specially crafted JSON file to the application, trigger memory corruption and perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

7) Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-32997)

CWE-ID: CWE-754 - Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions

CVSSv4: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Green

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to modify data on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to improper error handling. A remote attacker can send specially crafted data to the application and modify data on the system.

8) Always-Incorrect Control Flow Implementation (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-32996)

CWE-ID: CWE-670 - Always-Incorrect Control Flow Implementation

CVSSv4: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Green

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to writeBody can be called twice because "else if" is not used. A remote attacker can trigger resource exhaustion and perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

9) Uncaught Exception (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-47944)

CWE-ID: CWE-248 - Uncaught Exception

CVSSv4: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Green

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to application does not properly control consumption of internal resources. A remote attacker can send a malformed multi-part upload request and perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

10) Memory leak (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-47935)

CWE-ID: CWE-401 - Missing release of memory after effective lifetime

CVSSv4: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Amber

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform DoS attack on the target system.

The vulnerability exists due to improper stream handling. When the HTTP request stream emits an error, the internal `busboy` stream is not closed, violating Node.js stream safety guidance. A remote attacker can force the application to leak memory and perform denial of service attack.

11) Use of insufficiently random values (CVE-ID: CVE-2025-7783)

CWE-ID: CWE-330 - Use of Insufficiently Random Values

CVSSv4: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/U:Green

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform parameter injection attacks.

The vulnerability exists due to software uses a weak Math.random() method to generated random values for multipart form-encoded data. A remote attacker can observe values produced by Math.random in the target application and predict the random number used to generate form-data's boundary value and inject arbitrary parameters into requests. 

Remediation

Install update from vendor's website.

References

• https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7245942