Heap-based buffer overflow in FortiOS and FortiSwitch Manager - CVE-2025-25249
Published: January 13, 2026
Vulnerability identifier: #VU121226
CSH Severity: Critical
CVSS v4: 9.2 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N]
CVE-ID: CVE-2025-25249
CWE-ID: CWE-122
Exploitation vector: Remote access
Exploit availability:
No public exploit available
Vulnerability details
The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error within the cw_acd daemon. A remote attacker can send specially crafted packets to the system, trigger a heap-based buffer overflow and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
Affected software
FortiOS
FortiSwitch Manager
FortiSwitch Manager
How to mitigate CVE-2025-25249
Install updates from vendor's website.
FortiOS - addressed in versions 6.4.17, 7.0.18, 7.2.12, 7.4.9, 7.6.4
FortiSwitch Manager - addressed in versions 7.0.6, 7.2.7
FortiSwitch Manager - addressed in versions 7.0.6, 7.2.7