OS Command Injection in Vim - CVE-2026-44656

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Main Vulnerability Database Vulnerabilities #VU129539

OS Command Injection in Vim - CVE-2026-44656

Published: May 4, 2026 / Updated: May 12, 2026


Vulnerability identifier: #VU129539
CSH Severity: Medium
CVSS v4: 5.1 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N]
CVE-ID: CVE-2026-44656
CWE-ID: CWE-78
Exploitation vector: Remote access
Exploit availability: No public exploit available

Vulnerability details

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary shell commands.

The vulnerability exists due to command injection in the :find command-line completion path when processing a file with a modeline that sets the 'path' option to include backtick-enclosed shell commands and the user triggers file name completion. A remote attacker can supply a crafted file to execute arbitrary shell commands.

User interaction is required to open the crafted file and trigger completion, and exploitation via modeline requires the 'modeline' feature to be enabled.


Affected software

Vim
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing LTSS 15
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing ESPOS 15
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro for Rancher
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro
SUSE Linux Micro
SUSE Linux Micro Extras
Ubuntu
openEuler
vim (Ubuntu package)
vim-filesystem
vim
vim-X11
vim-common
vim-debuginfo
vim-debugsource
vim-enhanced
vim-minimal
vim-small-debuginfo
vim-small
vim-data-common
gvim
gvim-debuginfo
vim-data
xxd
xxd-debuginfo

How to mitigate CVE-2026-44656

Install security update from vendor's website.

Vim - update to 9.2.0435
vim (Ubuntu package) - addressed in versions 2:7.4.052-1ubuntu3.1+esm26, 2:7.4.1689-3ubuntu1.5+esm32, 2:8.0.1453-1ubuntu1.13+esm17, 2:8.1.2269-1ubuntu5.32+esm5, 2:8.2.3995-1ubuntu2.30, 2:9.1.0016-1ubuntu7.14, 2:9.1.0967-1ubuntu6.5, 2:9.1.2141-1ubuntu4.2
vim-filesystem - addressed in versions 9.0-47, 9.0.2092-33, 9.0.2092-34
vim - addressed in versions 9.0-47, 9.0.2092-33, 9.0.2092-34
vim-X11 - addressed in versions 9.0-47, 9.0.2092-33, 9.0.2092-34
vim-common - addressed in versions 9.0-47, 9.0.2092-33, 9.0.2092-34
vim-debuginfo - addressed in versions 9.0-47, 9.0.2092-33, 9.0.2092-34
vim-debugsource - addressed in versions 9.0-47, 9.0.2092-33, 9.0.2092-34
vim-enhanced - addressed in versions 9.0-47, 9.0.2092-33, 9.0.2092-34
vim-minimal - addressed in versions 9.0-47, 9.0.2092-33, 9.0.2092-34
vim-small-debuginfo - addressed in versions 9.2.0530-slfo.1.1_1.1, 9.2.0530-150000.5.94.1, 9.2.0530-160000.1.1
vim-small - addressed in versions 9.2.0530-slfo.1.1_1.1, 9.2.0530-150000.5.94.1, 9.2.0530-160000.1.1
vim-debugsource - addressed in versions 9.2.0530-slfo.1.1_1.1, 9.2.0530-150000.5.94.1, 9.2.0530-160000.1.1
vim-debuginfo - addressed in versions 9.2.0530-slfo.1.1_1.1, 9.2.0530-150000.5.94.1, 9.2.0530-160000.1.1
vim - addressed in versions 9.2.0530-slfo.1.1_1.1, 9.2.0530-150000.5.94.1, 9.2.0530-160000.1.1
vim-data-common - addressed in versions 9.2.0530-slfo.1.1_1.1, 9.2.0530-150000.5.94.1, 9.2.0530-160000.1.1
gvim - update to 9.2.0530-150000.5.94.1
gvim-debuginfo - update to 9.2.0530-150000.5.94.1
vim-data - update to 9.2.0530-150000.5.94.1
xxd - update to 9.2.0530-160000.1.1
xxd-debuginfo - update to 9.2.0530-160000.1.1

External References

Related Security Bulletins