Out-of-bounds read in Linux kernel - CVE-2024-26750

 

Out-of-bounds read in Linux kernel - CVE-2024-26750

Published: May 31, 2024 / Updated: May 14, 2025


Vulnerability identifier: #VU90327
CSH Severity: Low
CVSS v4: 6.8 [CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N]
CVE-ID: CVE-2024-26750
CWE-ID: CWE-125
Exploitation vector: Local access
Exploit availability: No public exploit available

Vulnerability details

The vulnerability allows a local user to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to an out-of-bounds read error within the unix_gc() function in net/unix/garbage.c. A local user can perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.


Affected software

Linux kernel
Debian Linux
SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15
SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15
SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching
Legacy Module
Development Tools Module
Basesystem Module
Public Cloud Module
SUSE Real Time Module
openSUSE Leap
Ubuntu
linux (Ubuntu package)
linux-gcp (Ubuntu package)
linux-oracle (Ubuntu package)
linux-lowlatency (Ubuntu package)
linux-gke (Ubuntu package)
linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15 (Ubuntu package)
linux-intel-iotg (Ubuntu package)
linux-ibm (Ubuntu package)
linux-intel-iotg-5.15 (Ubuntu package)
linux-gcp-5.15 (Ubuntu package)
linux-xilinx-zynqmp (Ubuntu package)
kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_1-debugsource
kernel-livepatch-6_4_0-150600_10_5-rt
kernel-livepatch-6_4_0-150600_10_5-rt-debuginfo
kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_2-debugsource
kernel-livepatch-6_4_0-150600_23_14-default
kernel-livepatch-6_4_0-150600_23_14-default-debuginfo
kernel-syms-azure
kernel-source-azure
reiserfs-kmp-azure-debuginfo
kernel-azure-optional
gfs2-kmp-azure-debuginfo
kernel-azure-devel
cluster-md-kmp-azure
kernel-azure-livepatch-devel
dlm-kmp-azure
kernel-azure-devel-debuginfo
kernel-devel-azure
dlm-kmp-azure-debuginfo
kernel-azure
kernel-azure-vdso
kernel-azure-vdso-debuginfo
kernel-azure-extra
kernel-azure-extra-debuginfo
ocfs2-kmp-azure
reiserfs-kmp-azure
cluster-md-kmp-azure-debuginfo
ocfs2-kmp-azure-debuginfo
kernel-azure-debugsource
kernel-azure-optional-debuginfo
kernel-azure-debuginfo
gfs2-kmp-azure
kselftests-kmp-azure
kselftests-kmp-azure-debuginfo
kernel-rt-debugsource
kernel-syms-rt
dlm-kmp-rt-debuginfo
kselftests-kmp-rt
kernel-rt-optional
ocfs2-kmp-rt-debuginfo
kernel-rt_debug-devel-debuginfo
kernel-devel-rt
kernel-source-rt
kernel-rt_debug
kernel-rt
ocfs2-kmp-rt
gfs2-kmp-rt
kernel-rt_debug-debuginfo
kernel-rt_debug-vdso-debuginfo
kernel-rt-livepatch-devel
kernel-rt-optional-debuginfo
kernel-rt-extra-debuginfo
dlm-kmp-rt
kernel-rt-extra
kernel-rt-devel
kernel-rt-debuginfo
kernel-rt-vdso-debuginfo
kernel-rt_debug-livepatch-devel
reiserfs-kmp-rt
cluster-md-kmp-rt
kernel-rt_debug-devel
reiserfs-kmp-rt-debuginfo
kernel-rt_debug-debugsource
cluster-md-kmp-rt-debuginfo
kselftests-kmp-rt-debuginfo
kernel-rt_debug-vdso
kernel-rt-vdso
kernel-rt-devel-debuginfo
gfs2-kmp-rt-debuginfo
dtb-xilinx
dtb-exynos
dtb-qcom
kernel-64kb-debugsource
kselftests-kmp-64kb
kernel-64kb-optional
reiserfs-kmp-64kb
ocfs2-kmp-64kb
dtb-freescale
gfs2-kmp-64kb-debuginfo
dtb-arm
dtb-apm
dtb-mediatek
dtb-amlogic
dtb-renesas
dtb-amazon
cluster-md-kmp-64kb-debuginfo
dtb-nvidia
dtb-lg
kernel-64kb-optional-debuginfo
dtb-allwinner
dtb-broadcom
cluster-md-kmp-64kb
kernel-64kb-extra-debuginfo
dtb-altera
ocfs2-kmp-64kb-debuginfo
dtb-rockchip
dtb-amd
kernel-64kb
dtb-marvell
gfs2-kmp-64kb
dtb-aarch64
dlm-kmp-64kb
kernel-64kb-devel-debuginfo
dtb-cavium
dtb-socionext
dtb-hisilicon
kernel-64kb-livepatch-devel
kselftests-kmp-64kb-debuginfo
dlm-kmp-64kb-debuginfo
kernel-64kb-debuginfo
dtb-sprd
dtb-apple
kernel-64kb-devel
kernel-64kb-extra
reiserfs-kmp-64kb-debuginfo
kernel-kvmsmall-vdso
kernel-default-vdso-debuginfo
kernel-default-vdso
kernel-kvmsmall-vdso-debuginfo
kernel-kvmsmall-debugsource
kernel-kvmsmall-devel-debuginfo
kernel-kvmsmall-debuginfo
kernel-kvmsmall-livepatch-devel
kernel-kvmsmall-devel
kernel-obs-build-debugsource
ocfs2-kmp-default-debuginfo
kernel-obs-build
kernel-default-livepatch
ocfs2-kmp-default
kernel-debug-vdso
kernel-debug-vdso-debuginfo
kernel-debug-debuginfo
kernel-debug-devel-debuginfo
kernel-debug-livepatch-devel
kernel-debug-devel
kernel-debug-debugsource
kernel-debug
kernel-macros
kernel-docs-html
kernel-source
kernel-devel
kernel-source-vanilla
kernel-docs
kernel-syms
kernel-zfcpdump-debugsource
kernel-zfcpdump-debuginfo
kernel-zfcpdump
kernel-kvmsmall
kernel-default
kernel-obs-qa
cluster-md-kmp-default
cluster-md-kmp-default-debuginfo
gfs2-kmp-default-debuginfo
kernel-default-debugsource
dlm-kmp-default
kernel-default-livepatch-devel
kernel-default-devel-debuginfo
kernel-default-devel
reiserfs-kmp-default-debuginfo
kernel-default-extra-debuginfo
kernel-default-extra
kernel-default-optional-debuginfo
kernel-default-optional
gfs2-kmp-default
kselftests-kmp-default-debuginfo
dlm-kmp-default-debuginfo
kselftests-kmp-default
reiserfs-kmp-default
kernel-default-debuginfo
kernel-default-base
kernel-default-base-rebuild
linux-image-5.15.0-113-generic-lpae (Ubuntu package)
linux-image-5.15.0-113-generic-64k (Ubuntu package)
linux-image-5.15.0-113-generic (Ubuntu package)
linux-image-5.15.0-1046-gkeop (Ubuntu package)
linux-image-5.15.0-1057-ibm (Ubuntu package)
linux-image-5.15.0-1058-raspi (Ubuntu package)
linux-image-5.15.0-1060-kvm (Ubuntu package)
linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-20.04 (Ubuntu package)
linux-image-generic-hwe-20.04 (Ubuntu package)
linux-image-generic-lpae-hwe-20.04 (Ubuntu package)
linux-image-oem-20.04 (Ubuntu package)
linux-image-oem-20.04b (Ubuntu package)
linux-image-oem-20.04c (Ubuntu package)
linux-image-oem-20.04d (Ubuntu package)
linux-image-virtual-hwe-20.04 (Ubuntu package)
linux-image-gkeop-5.15 (Ubuntu package)
linux-image-gkeop (Ubuntu package)
linux-image-ibm (Ubuntu package)
linux-image-raspi-nolpae (Ubuntu package)
linux-image-raspi (Ubuntu package)
linux-image-kvm (Ubuntu package)
linux (Debian package)

How to mitigate CVE-2024-26750

Install update from vendor's website.

Linux kernel - addressed in versions 5.15.151, 6.1.81, 6.6.21, 6.7.9, 6.8
linux (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0-112.122
linux-gcp (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0-1062.70
linux-oracle (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0-1061.67
linux-lowlatency (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0-110.120
linux-gke (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0-1060.66
linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15 (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0-110.120~20.04.1
linux-intel-iotg (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0-1058.64
linux-ibm (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0-1056.59
linux-intel-iotg-5.15 (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0-1058.64~20.04.1
linux-gcp-5.15 (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0-1062.70~20.04.1
linux-xilinx-zynqmp (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0-1030.34
kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_1-debugsource - update to 1-150600.1.5.1
kernel-livepatch-6_4_0-150600_10_5-rt - update to 1-150600.1.5.1
kernel-livepatch-6_4_0-150600_10_5-rt-debuginfo - update to 1-150600.1.5.1
kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_2-debugsource - update to 1-150600.13.3.2
kernel-livepatch-6_4_0-150600_23_14-default - update to 1-150600.13.3.2
kernel-livepatch-6_4_0-150600_23_14-default-debuginfo - update to 1-150600.13.3.2
kernel-syms-azure - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.1
kernel-source-azure - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
reiserfs-kmp-azure-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
kernel-azure-optional - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
gfs2-kmp-azure-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
kernel-azure-devel - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
cluster-md-kmp-azure - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
kernel-azure-livepatch-devel - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
dlm-kmp-azure - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
kernel-azure-devel-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
kernel-devel-azure - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
dlm-kmp-azure-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
kernel-azure - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
kernel-azure-vdso - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
kernel-azure-vdso-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
kernel-azure-extra - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
kernel-azure-extra-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
ocfs2-kmp-azure - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
reiserfs-kmp-azure - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
cluster-md-kmp-azure-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
ocfs2-kmp-azure-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
kernel-azure-debugsource - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
kernel-azure-optional-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
kernel-azure-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
gfs2-kmp-azure - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
kselftests-kmp-azure - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
kselftests-kmp-azure-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.8.8.2
kernel-rt-debugsource - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-syms-rt - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
dlm-kmp-rt-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kselftests-kmp-rt - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-rt-optional - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
ocfs2-kmp-rt-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-rt_debug-devel-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-devel-rt - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-source-rt - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-rt_debug - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-rt - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
ocfs2-kmp-rt - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
gfs2-kmp-rt - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-rt_debug-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-rt_debug-vdso-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-rt-livepatch-devel - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-rt-optional-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-rt-extra-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
dlm-kmp-rt - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-rt-extra - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-rt-devel - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-rt-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-rt-vdso-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-rt_debug-livepatch-devel - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
reiserfs-kmp-rt - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
cluster-md-kmp-rt - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-rt_debug-devel - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
reiserfs-kmp-rt-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-rt_debug-debugsource - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
cluster-md-kmp-rt-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kselftests-kmp-rt-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-rt_debug-vdso - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-rt-vdso - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
kernel-rt-devel-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
gfs2-kmp-rt-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1
dtb-xilinx - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-exynos - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-qcom - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
kernel-64kb-debugsource - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
kselftests-kmp-64kb - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
kernel-64kb-optional - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
reiserfs-kmp-64kb - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
ocfs2-kmp-64kb - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-freescale - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
gfs2-kmp-64kb-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-arm - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-apm - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-mediatek - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-amlogic - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-renesas - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-amazon - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
cluster-md-kmp-64kb-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-nvidia - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-lg - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
kernel-64kb-optional-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-allwinner - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-broadcom - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
cluster-md-kmp-64kb - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
kernel-64kb-extra-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-altera - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
ocfs2-kmp-64kb-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-rockchip - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-amd - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
kernel-64kb - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-marvell - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
gfs2-kmp-64kb - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-aarch64 - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dlm-kmp-64kb - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
kernel-64kb-devel-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-cavium - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-socionext - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-hisilicon - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
kernel-64kb-livepatch-devel - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
kselftests-kmp-64kb-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dlm-kmp-64kb-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
kernel-64kb-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-sprd - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
dtb-apple - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
kernel-64kb-devel - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
kernel-64kb-extra - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
reiserfs-kmp-64kb-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.1
kernel-kvmsmall-vdso - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-default-vdso-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-default-vdso - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-kvmsmall-vdso-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-kvmsmall-debugsource - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-kvmsmall-devel-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-kvmsmall-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-kvmsmall-livepatch-devel - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-kvmsmall-devel - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-obs-build-debugsource - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
ocfs2-kmp-default-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-obs-build - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-default-livepatch - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
ocfs2-kmp-default - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-debug-vdso - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-debug-vdso-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-debug-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-debug-devel-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-debug-livepatch-devel - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-debug-devel - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-debug-debugsource - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-debug - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-macros - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-docs-html - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-source - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-devel - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-source-vanilla - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-docs - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-syms - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-zfcpdump-debugsource - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-zfcpdump-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-zfcpdump - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-kvmsmall - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-default - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-obs-qa - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
cluster-md-kmp-default - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
cluster-md-kmp-default-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
gfs2-kmp-default-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-default-debugsource - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
dlm-kmp-default - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-default-livepatch-devel - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-default-devel-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-default-devel - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
reiserfs-kmp-default-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-default-extra-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-default-extra - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-default-optional-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-default-optional - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
gfs2-kmp-default - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kselftests-kmp-default-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
dlm-kmp-default-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kselftests-kmp-default - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
reiserfs-kmp-default - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-default-debuginfo - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2
kernel-default-base - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2.150600.12.4.3
kernel-default-base-rebuild - update to 6.4.0-150600.23.14.2.150600.12.4.3
linux-image-5.15.0-113-generic-lpae (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0-113.123~20.04.1
linux-image-5.15.0-113-generic-64k (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0-113.123~20.04.1
linux-image-5.15.0-113-generic (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0-113.123~20.04.1
linux-image-5.15.0-1046-gkeop (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0-1046.53~20.04.1
linux-image-5.15.0-1057-ibm (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0-1057.60~20.04.1
linux-image-5.15.0-1058-raspi (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0-1058.61
linux-image-5.15.0-1060-kvm (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0-1060.65
linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-20.04 (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0.113.123~20.04.1
linux-image-generic-hwe-20.04 (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0.113.123~20.04.1
linux-image-generic-lpae-hwe-20.04 (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0.113.123~20.04.1
linux-image-oem-20.04 (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0.113.123~20.04.1
linux-image-oem-20.04b (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0.113.123~20.04.1
linux-image-oem-20.04c (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0.113.123~20.04.1
linux-image-oem-20.04d (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0.113.123~20.04.1
linux-image-virtual-hwe-20.04 (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0.113.123~20.04.1
linux-image-gkeop-5.15 (Ubuntu package) - addressed in versions 5.15.0.1046.45, 5.15.0.1046.53~20.04.1
linux-image-gkeop (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0.1046.45
linux-image-ibm (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0.1057.60~20.04.1
linux-image-raspi-nolpae (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0.1058.56
linux-image-raspi (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0.1058.56
linux-image-kvm (Ubuntu package) - update to 5.15.0.1060.56
linux (Debian package) - update to 6.1.85-1

External References

Related Security Bulletins