Vulnerability identifier: #VU5578

Vulnerability risk: Critical

CVSSv3.1: 9.2 [CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:H/RL:O/RC:C]

CVE-ID: CVE-2015-0016

CWE-ID: CWE-22

Exploitation vector: Network

Exploit availability: Yes

Vulnerable software:
Windows
Operating systems & Components / Operating system
Windows Server
Operating systems & Components / Operating system

Vendor: Microsoft

Description
The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to gain elevated privileges on the target system.

The weakness exists due to insufficient validation of user-supplied input within TS WebProxy Windows component. A remote attacker can trick the victim into downloading a specially crafted file and execute it with privileges of the current user.  

Successful exploitation of the vulnerability may result in full control of the vulnerable system.

Note: the vulnerability was being actively exploited.

Mitigation
Install update from vendor's website.

Vulnerable software versions

Windows: Vista, 7, 8.1 - 8.1 RT, 8

Windows Server: 2008 R2 - 2012 R2

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External links
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/security/ms15-004

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Q & A

Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?

Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.

Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?

Yes. This vulnerability is being exploited in the wild.