Vulnerability identifier: #VU27668

Vulnerability risk: Low

CVSSv3.1: 3.7 [CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N/E:U/RL:O/RC:C]

CVE-ID: CVE-2019-12520

CWE-ID: CWE-20

Exploitation vector: Network

Exploit availability: No

Vulnerable software:
Squid
Server applications / IDS/IPS systems, Firewalls and proxy servers

Vendor: Squid-cache.org

Description

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform cache poisoning.

The vulnerability exists due to insufficient validation of user-supplied input within ESI. When receiving a request, Squid checks its cache to see if it can serve up a response. It does this by making a MD5 hash of the absolute URL of the request. If found, it servers the request. The absolute URL can include the decoded UserInfo (username and password) for certain protocols. This decoded info is prepended to the domain. This allows an attacker to provide a username that has special characters to delimit the domain, and treat the rest of the URL as a path or query string. An attacker could first make a request to their domain using an encoded username, then when a request for the target domain comes in that decodes to the exact URL, it will serve the attacker's HTML instead of the real HTML. On Squid servers that also act as reverse proxies, this allows an attacker to gain access to features that only reverse proxies can use, such as ESI.

Mitigation
Install updates from vendor's website.

Vulnerable software versions

Squid: 5.0, 4.0 - 4.9

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External links
http://www.squid-cache.org/Versions/v4/
http://www.squid-cache.org/Versions/v4/changesets/
http://github.com/squid-cache/squid/commits/v4
http://gitlab.com/jeriko.one/security/-/blob/master/squid/CVEs/CVE-2019-12520.txt
http://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4682

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Q & A

Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?

Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.

Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?

No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.