#VU102711 Use of uninitialized resource in Windows and Windows Server - CVE-2025-21288

Cybersecurity Help s.r.o.

Published: 2025-01-14

Vulnerability identifier: #VU102711

Vulnerability risk: Low

CVSSv4.0: 4.3 [CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Clear]

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-21288

CWE-ID: CWE-908

Exploitation vector: Local

Exploit availability: No

Vulnerable software:
Windows
Operating systems & Components / Operating system
Windows Server
Operating systems & Components / Operating system

Vendor: Microsoft

Description

The vulnerability allows a local user to bypass certain security restrictions.

The vulnerability exists due to usage of uninitialized resources in Windows COM Server. A local user can pass specially crafted data to the application, trigger uninitialized usage of resources and gain access to sensitive information on the target system.

Mitigation
Install updates from vendor's website.

Vulnerable software versions

Windows: 10 21H2 10.0.19041.3920, 10 21H2 10.0.19043.4529, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1147, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1149, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1151, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1165, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1200, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1202 - 11 22H2 10.0.22621.4249, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1237 - 11 24H2 10.0.26100.2894, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1263, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1266, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1288, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1319, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1320, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1348, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1379, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1381, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1387, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1415, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1466, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1469, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1499, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1503, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1526, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1566, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1586, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1618, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1620, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1645, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1679, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1682, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1706, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1708, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1737, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1739, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1741, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1766, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1767, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1806, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1826, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1862, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1865, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1889, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1947, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.1949, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.2006, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.2075, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.2130, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.2132, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.2192, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.2193, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.2194, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.2251, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.2311, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.2364, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.2486, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.2545, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.2546, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.2604, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.2673, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.2728, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.2788, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.2846, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.2965, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.3086, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.3208, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.3324, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.3448, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.3570, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.3693, 10 22H2 10.0.19045.2130, 10 22H2 10.0.19045.2132, 10 22H2 10.0.19045.2193, 10 22H2 10.0.19045.2194, 10 22H2 10.0.19045.2251, 10 22H2 10.0.19045.2301, 10 22H2 10.0.19045.2311, 10 22H2 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10.0.17763.1432, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1457, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1490, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1518, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1554, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1577, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1579, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1613, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1637, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1697, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1728, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1757, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1790, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1817, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1821, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1823, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1852, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1879, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1911, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1935, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1971, 10 1809 10.0.17763.1999, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2028, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2029, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2061, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2090, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2091, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2114, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2145, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2183, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2213, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2237, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2268, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2300, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2305, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2330, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2366, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2369, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2452, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2458, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2510, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2565, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2628, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2686, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2746, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2803, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2867, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2928, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2931, 10 1809 10.0.17763.2989, 10 1809 10.0.17763.3046, 10 1809 10.0.17763.3113, 10 1809 10.0.17763.3165, 10 1809 10.0.17763.3232, 10 1809 10.0.17763.3287, 10 1809 10.0.17763.3346, 10 1809 10.0.17763.3406, 10 1809 10.0.17763.3469, 10 1809 10.0.17763.3532, 10 1809 10.0.17763.3534, 10 1809 10.0.17763.3650, 10 1809 10.0.17763.3653, 10 1809 10.0.17763.3770, 10 1809 10.0.17763.3772, 10 1809 10.0.17763.3887, 10 1809 10.0.17763.4010, 10 1809 10.0.17763.4131, 10 1809 10.0.17763.4252, 10 1809 10.0.17763.4377, 10 1809 10.0.17763.4499, 10 1809 10.0.17763.4645, 10 1809 10.0.17763.4737, 10 1809 10.0.17763.4851, 10 1809 10.0.17763.4974, 10 1809 10.0.17763.5122, 10 1809 10.0.17763.5206, 10 1809 10.0.17763.5329, 10 1809 10.0.17763.5458, 10 1809 10.0.17763.5576, 10 1809 10.0.17763.5579, 10 1809 10.0.17763.5696, 10 1809 10.0.17763.5820, 10 1809 10.0.17763.5936, 10 1809 10.0.17763.6054, 10 1809 10.0.17763.6189, 10 1809 10.0.17763.6293, 10 1809 10.0.17763.6414, 10 1809 10.0.17763.6532, 10 1809 10.0.17763.6659, 11 22H2 10.0.22449.1000, 11 22H2 10.0.22454.1000, 11 22H2 10.0.22458.1000, 11 22H2 10.0.22463.1000, 11 22H2 10.0.22468.1000, 11 22H2 10.0.22471.1000, 11 22H2 10.0.22478.1000, 11 22H2 10.0.22478.1012, 11 22H2 10.0.22483.1000, 11 22H2 10.0.22483.1011, 11 22H2 10.0.22489.1000, 11 22H2 10.0.22494.1000, 11 22H2 10.0.22499.1000, 11 22H2 10.0.22499.1010, 11 22H2 10.0.22504.1000, 11 22H2 10.0.22504.1010, 11 22H2 10.0.22509.1000, 11 22H2 10.0.22509.1011, 11 22H2 10.0.22518.1000, 11 22H2 10.0.22518.1012, 11 22H2 10.0.22523.1000, 11 22H2 10.0.22526.1000, 11 22H2 10.0.22533.1001, 11 22H2 10.0.22538.1000, 11 22H2 10.0.22538.1010, 11 22H2 10.0.22543.1000, 11 22H2 10.0.22557.1, 11 22H2 10.0.22563.1, 11 22H2 10.0.22567.1, 11 22H2 10.0.22567.100, 11 22H2 10.0.22567.200, 11 22H2 10.0.22572.1, 11 22H2 10.0.22572.100, 11 22H2 10.0.22572.201, 11 22H2 10.0.22579.1, 11 22H2 10.0.22579.100, 11 22H2 10.0.22581.1, 11 22H2 10.0.22581.100, 11 22H2 10.0.22581.200, 11 22H2 10.0.22593.1, 11 22H2 10.0.22598.1, 11 22H2 10.0.22598.100, 11 22H2 10.0.22598.200, 11 22H2 10.0.22610.1, 11 22H2 10.0.22616.1, 11 22H2 10.0.22616.100, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.1, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.105, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.160, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.169, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.232, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.290, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.317, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.382, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.436, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.440, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.450, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.457, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.521, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.525, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.575, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.586, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.590, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.598, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.601, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.607, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.608, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.674, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.675, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.730, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.741, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.746, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.754, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.755, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.819, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.870, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.875, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.885

Windows Server: 2008 R2 6.1.7601.27117, 2008 R2 6.1.7601.27170, 2008 SP2, 2008 R2 SP1, 2008 R2 6.1.7601.27017, 2008 R2 6.1.7601.27067, 2008 R2 6.1.7601.27219, 2008 R2 6.1.7601.27277, 2008 R2 6.1.7601.27320, 2008 R2 6.1.7601.27366, 2008 R2 6.1.7601.27415, 2008 R2 6.1.7601.27467, 2008 6.0.6003.22567, 2008 6.0.6003.22618, 2008 6.0.6003.22668, 2008 6.0.6003.22720, 2008 6.0.6003.22769, 2008 6.0.6003.22825, 2008 6.0.6003.22870, 2008 6.0.6003.22918, 2008 6.0.6003.22966, 2008 6.0.6003.23016, 2012 Gold, 2012 R2 6.3.9600.21871, 2012 R2 6.3.9600.21924, 2012 R2 6.3.9600.21972, 2012 R2 6.3.9600.22023, 2012 R2 6.3.9600.22074, 2012 R2 6.3.9600.22134, 2012 R2 6.3.9600.22175, 2012 R2 6.3.9600.22221, 2012 R2 6.3.9600.22267, 2012 R2 6.3.9600.22318, 2012 6.2.9200.24768, 2012 6.2.9200.24821, 2012 6.2.9200.24868, 2012 6.2.9200.24919, 2012 6.2.9200.24975, 2012 6.2.9200.25031, 2012 6.2.9200.25073, 2012 6.2.9200.25118, 2012 6.2.9200.25165, 2012 6.2.9200.25222, 2016 10.0.14393.10, 2016 10.0.14393.51, 2016 10.0.14393.82, 2016 10.0.14393.105, 2016 10.0.14393.187, 2016 10.0.14393.222, 2016 10.0.14393.321, 2016 10.0.14393.351, 2016 10.0.14393.447, 2016 10.0.14393.479, 2016 10.0.14393.576, 2016 10.0.14393.693, 2016 10.0.14393.953, 2016 10.0.14393.969, 2016 10.0.14393.1066, 2016 10.0.14393.1198, 2016 10.0.14393.1358, 2016 10.0.14393.1378, 2016 10.0.14393.1480, 2016 10.0.14393.1532, 2016 10.0.14393.1537, 2016 10.0.14393.1593, 2016 10.0.14393.1613, 2016 10.0.14393.1670, 2016 10.0.14393.1715, 2016 10.0.14393.1737, 2016 10.0.14393.1770, 2016 10.0.14393.1794, 2016 10.0.14393.1797, 2016 10.0.14393.1884, 2016 10.0.14393.1914, 2016 10.0.14393.1944, 2016 10.0.14393.2007, 2016 10.0.14393.2035, 2016 10.0.14393.2068, 2016 10.0.14393.2097, 2016 10.0.14393.2125, 2016 10.0.14393.2155, 2016 10.0.14393.2156, 2016 10.0.14393.2189, 2016 10.0.14393.2214, 2016 10.0.14393.2248, 2016 10.0.14393.2273, 2016 10.0.14393.2312, 2016 10.0.14393.2339, 2016 10.0.14393.2363, 2016 10.0.14393.2368, 2016 10.0.14393.2395, 2016 10.0.14393.2396, 2016 10.0.14393.2430, 2016 10.0.14393.2457, 2016 10.0.14393.2485, 2016 10.0.14393.2515, 2016 10.0.14393.2551, 2016 10.0.14393.2580, 2016 10.0.14393.2608, 2016 10.0.14393.2639, 2016 10.0.14393.2641, 2016 10.0.14393.2665, 2016 10.0.14393.2670, 2016 10.0.14393.2724, 2016 10.0.14393.2759, 2016 10.0.14393.2791, 2016 10.0.14393.2828, 2016 10.0.14393.2848, 2016 10.0.14393.2879, 2016 10.0.14393.2906, 2016 10.0.14393.2908, 2016 10.0.14393.2941, 2016 10.0.14393.2969, 2016 10.0.14393.2972, 2016 10.0.14393.2999, 2016 10.0.14393.3025, 2016 10.0.14393.3053, 2016 10.0.14393.3056, 2016 10.0.14393.3085, 2016 10.0.14393.3115, 2016 10.0.14393.3144, 2016 10.0.14393.3181, 2016 10.0.14393.3204, 2016 10.0.14393.3206, 2016 10.0.14393.3242, 2016 10.0.14393.3243, 2016 10.0.14393.3274, 2016 10.0.14393.3300, 2016 10.0.14393.3326, 2016 10.0.14393.3384, 2016 10.0.14393.3443, 2016 10.0.14393.3474, 2016 10.0.14393.3504, 2016 10.0.14393.3542, 2016 10.0.14393.3564, 2016 10.0.14393.3595, 2016 10.0.14393.3630, 2016 10.0.14393.3659, 2016 10.0.14393.3686, 2016 10.0.14393.3750, 2016 10.0.14393.3755, 2016 10.0.14393.3808, 2016 10.0.14393.3866, 2016 10.0.14393.3930, 2016 10.0.14393.3986, 2016 10.0.14393.4046, 2016 10.0.14393.4048, 2016 10.0.14393.4104, 2016 10.0.14393.4169, 2016 10.0.14393.4225, 2016 10.0.14393.4283, 2016 10.0.14393.4288, 2016 10.0.14393.4350, 2016 10.0.14393.4402, 2016 10.0.14393.4467, 2016 10.0.14393.4470, 2016 10.0.14393.4530, 2016 10.0.14393.4532, 2016 10.0.14393.4583, 2016 10.0.14393.4651, 2016 10.0.14393.4704, 2016 10.0.14393.4770, 2016 10.0.14393.4771, 2016 10.0.14393.4825, 2016 10.0.14393.4827, 2016 10.0.14393.4886, 2016 10.0.14393.4889, 2016 10.0.14393.4946, 2016 10.0.14393.5006, 2016 10.0.14393.5066, 2016 10.0.14393.5125, 2016 10.0.14393.5127, 2016 10.0.14393.5192, 2016 10.0.14393.5246, 2016 10.0.14393.5291, 2016 10.0.14393.5356, 2016 10.0.14393.5427, 2016 10.0.14393.5429, 2016 10.0.14393.5501, 2016 10.0.14393.5502, 2016 10.0.14393.5582, 2016 10.0.14393.5648, 2016 10.0.14393.5717, 2016 10.0.14393.5786, 2016 10.0.14393.5850, 2016 10.0.14393.5921, 2016 10.0.14393.5989, 2016 10.0.14393.5996, 2016 10.0.14393.6085, 2016 10.0.14393.6167, 2016 10.0.14393.6252, 2016 10.0.14393.6351, 2016 10.0.14393.6452, 2016 10.0.14393.6529, 2016 10.0.14393.6614, 2016 10.0.14393.6709, 2016 10.0.14393.6796, 2016 10.0.14393.6800, 2016 10.0.14393.6897, 2016 10.0.14393.6981, 2016 10.0.14393.7070, 2016 10.0.14393.7159, 2016 10.0.14393.7259, 2016 10.0.14393.7336, 2016 10.0.14393.7428, 2016 10.0.14393.7515, 2016 10.0.14393.7606, 2016 10.0.14393.7699, 2022 10.0.20348.202, 2022 10.0.20348.230, 2022 10.0.20348.261, 2022 10.0.20348.288, 2022 10.0.20348.320, 2022 10.0.20348.350, 2022 10.0.20348.380, 2022 10.0.20348.405, 2022 10.0.20348.407, 2022 10.0.20348.469, 2022 10.0.20348.473, 2022 10.0.20348.502, 2022 10.0.20348.524, 2022 10.0.20348.558, 2022 10.0.20348.587, 2022 10.0.20348.617, 2022 10.0.20348.643, 2022 10.0.20348.681, 2022 10.0.20348.707, 2022 10.0.20348.709, 2022 10.0.20348.740, 2022 10.0.20348.768, 2022 10.0.20348.803, 2022 10.0.20348.825, 2022 10.0.20348.859, 2022 10.0.20348.887, 2022 10.0.20348.946, 2022 10.0.20348.1006, 2022 10.0.20348.1070, 2022 10.0.20348.1129, 2022 10.0.20348.1131, 2022 10.0.20348.1194, 2022 10.0.20348.1249, 2022 10.0.20348.1251, 2022 10.0.20348.1311, 2022 10.0.20348.1366, 2022 10.0.20348.1368, 2022 10.0.20348.1487, 2022 10.0.20348.1547, 2022 10.0.20348.1607, 2022 10.0.20348.1668, 2022 10.0.20348.1726, 2022 10.0.20348.1787, 2022 10.0.20348.1850, 2022 10.0.20348.1906, 2022 10.0.20348.1970, 2022 10.0.20348.2031, 2022 10.0.20348.2113, 2022 10.0.20348.2159, 2022 10.0.20348.2227, 2022 10.0.20348.2322, 2022 10.0.20348.2333, 2022 10.0.20348.2340, 2022 10.0.20348.2342, 2022 10.0.20348.2402, 2022 10.0.20348.2458, 2022 10.0.20348.2461, 2022 10.0.20348.2522, 2022 10.0.20348.2527, 2022 10.0.20348.2582, 2022 10.0.20348.2655, 2022 10.0.20348.2695, 2022 10.0.20348.2700, 2022 10.0.20348.2762, 2022 10.0.20348.2849, 2022 10.0.20348.2908, 2022 10.0.20348.2966, 2022 23H2 10.0.25398.887, 2022 23H2 10.0.25398.1009, 2022 23H2 10.0.25398.1128, 2022 23H2 10.0.25398.1189, 2022 23H2 10.0.25398.1251, 2022 23H2 10.0.25398.1308, 2025 10.0.26100.1742, 2025 10.0.26100.2240, 2025 10.0.26100.2314, 2025 10.0.26100.2528, 2025 10.0.26100.2605

External links
https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2025-21288

Q & A

Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?

No. This vulnerability can be exploited locally. The attacker should have authentication credentials and successfully authenticate on the system.

Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?

No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.

Latest bulletins with this vulnerability

Multiple vulnerabilities in Microsoft Windows COM Server